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Integrative Physiology Chair: Jerry A. Maynard
Professors: John P. Albright (Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation/Integrative Physiology), Annunziato Amendola (Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation/Integrative Physiology), Joseph A. Buckwalter (Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation/Integrative Physiology), Warren G. Darling (Integrative Physiology/Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science), Alan K. Johnson (Psychology/Integrative Physiology), Kevin C. Kregel, Jerry A. Maynard (Integrative Physiology/Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation), Kenneth E. Mobily (Leisure Studies/Integrative Physiology), Larry W. Oberley (Radiation Oncology/Integrative Physiology)
Professor emeritus: Donald R. Casady
Associate professors: Kelly J. Cole (Integrative Physiology/Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science), Gina Schatteman, Don D. Sheriff
Associate professors emeriti: Gary F. Hansen, N. Richard Hozaepfel, David K. Leslie
Assistant professors: Michel Ladouceur, Harald Stauss
Adjunct assistant professors: Jennifer L.Fagenbaum, Shawn Flanagan, Michael C. Lyons
Adjunct instructors: Matthew R. Doyle, Diane L. Rotello, Jenny L. Sertterh, Michael A. Shaffer
Lecturers: Ray F. Fagenbaum, Danny T. Foster, Marc Pizzimenti
Undergraduate degree: B.S. in Integrative Physiology, Athletic Training
Undergraduate nondegree program: Minor in Integrative Physiology
Graduate degrees: M.S. in Exercise Science, Ph.D. in Integrative Physiology
Web site: http://www.uiowa.edu/~iphysio/ The Department of Integrative Physiology offers undergraduate and graduate programs in integrative physiology. Graduate students may choose from five different areas of specialization for the M.S. with thesis, and from four different areas for the Ph.D. The department also offers an undergraduate major in athletic training, in conjunction with the Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation in the Carver College of Medicine. Undergraduate Programs The Department of Integrative Physiology offers a Bachelor of Science in integrative physiology and in athletic training. It also offers a minor in integrative physiology. Bachelor of Science in Integrative Physiology The Bachelor of Science in integrative physiology requires 50-51 s.h. in the major. The program is designed primarily for individuals who intend to continue their education beyond the B.S. in the health professions, including medicine, dentistry, optometry, physician assistant, physical therapy, and podiatry, or for those who intend to pursue graduate degrees in basic life sciences. The integrative physiology major includes study in anatomy, biomechanics, integrative physiology, neural control of movement, and the cognate areas of biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics, and statistics. Qualifications for admission to integrative physiology include completion of the following courses, with a g.p.a. of 3.00 or higher.
| 002:010 Principles of Biology I |
4 s.h. |
| 004:011 Principles of Chemistry I |
4 s.h. |
One of these:
| 22M:016 Calculus for the Biological Sciences |
4 s.h. |
| 22M:031 Engineering Mathematics I: Single Variable Calculus |
4 s.h. |
A more advanced calculus course One of these:
| 010:003 Accelerated Rhetoric |
4 s.h. |
Students also must maintain a g.p.a. of 2.75 or higher in all course work taken at The University of Iowa. Students denied admission to the major may reapply in a subsequent semester. GENERAL EDUCATION COURSES The department recommends that B.S. students in integrative physiology complete the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences General Education Program natural sciences component by taking 004:011-004:012 Principles of Chemistry I-II and 002:010 Principles of Biology I. It also recommends completing the General Education Program social sciences component with 031:001 Elementary Psychology. Transfer credit for course work in the major requires the approval of the undergraduate academic advisor. INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY REQUIREMENTS All of these:
| 027:142 Exercise Physiology Laboratory |
2 s.h. |
| 027:150 Gross Anatomy for Integrative Physiology |
3 s.h. |
| 027:151 Gross Anatomy Lab for Integrative Physiology |
2 s.h. |
| 027:160 Motor Control I: Neurophysiological Basis |
3 s.h. |
| 027:197 Biomechanics of Human Motion |
4 s.h. |
At least three of these:
| 027:117 Human Growth and Motor Development |
3 s.h. |
| 027:145 Cardiovascular Physiology |
3 s.h. |
| 027:153 Embryology and Connective Tissue Anatomy |
2 s.h. |
| 027:155 Skeletal Muscle Biology |
3 s.h. |
REQUIREMENTS IN OTHER SUBJECTS (COGNATES) Biology Students must complete at least 8 s.h. beyond 002:010, which is a prerequisite for admission to the major and for 002:011.
| 002:011 Principles of Biology II |
4 s.h. |
At least 4 s.h. from these:
| 002:128 Fundamental Genetics |
4 s.h. |
| 002:145 Introduction to Neurobiology |
3 s.h. |
| 002:180 Fundamental Neurobiology |
4 s.h. |
| 061:157 General Microbiology |
5 s.h. |
| 061:164 Health Sciences Microbiology |
4 s.h. |
| 099:120 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I |
3 s.h. |
Chemistry Students must complete at least 4 s.h. beyond 004:011, which is prerequisite for admission to the major and for 004:012.
| 004:012 Principles of Chemistry II |
4 s.h. |
These additional courses are highly recommended.
| 004:122 Organic Chemistry II |
3 s.h. |
| 004:141 Organic Chemistry Laboratory |
3 s.h. |
Physics One of these sequences:
Statistics At least 3 s.h. from these:
| 07P:143 Introduction to Statistical Methods |
3 s.h. |
| 22S:102 Introduction to Statistical Methods |
3 s.h. |
| 171:161 Introduction to Biostatistics |
3 s.h. |
RECOMMENDED ELECTIVES The department recommends that students choose from the following electives in order to complete the 120 s.h. required for a B.S. in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. Courses in biology and chemistry also are listed under "Requirements in Other Subjects (Cognates)." Anthropology
Biochemistry
| 099:120 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I |
3 s.h. |
| 099:130 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II |
3 s.h. |
| 099:140 Experimental Biochemistry |
4 s.h. |
Biology
| 002:128 Fundamental Genetics |
4 s.h. |
| 002:180 Fundamental Neurobiology |
4 s.h. |
Chemistry
| 004:111 Analytical Chemistry I |
3 s.h. |
| 004:112 Analytical Chemistry II |
3 s.h. |
| 004:122 Organic Chemistry II |
3 s.h. |
| 004:141 Organic Chemistry Laboratory |
3 s.h. |
Classics
| 20E:050 Word Power: Building English Vocabulary |
3 s.h. |
| 20E:103 Medical and Technical Terminology |
2 s.h. |
Computer Science
| 22C:005 Introduction to Computer Science |
3 s.h. |
| 057:017 Computers in Engineering |
3 s.h. |
Education
| 07C:185 Introduction to Substance Abuse |
3 s.h. |
Engineering
| 057:019 Mechanics of Deformable Bodies |
3 s.h. |
English
| 08A:015 Writing for Practical Purposes for Non-English Majors |
2-3 s.h. |
| 08N:050 Word Power: Building English Vocabulary |
3 s.h. |
Health and Sport Studies
| 028:138 Exercise Testing and Prescription |
4 s.h. |
Microbiology
| 061:157 General Microbiology |
5 s.h. |
| 061:164 Health Sciences Microbiology |
4 s.h. |
Pharmacology
| 071:120 Drugs: Their Nature, Action, and Use |
2 s.h. |
| 071:130 Drug Mechanisms and Actions |
3 s.h. |
Psychology
| 031:063 Abnormal Psychology: Health Professions |
3 s.h. |
| 031:120 Research Methods in Psychology |
3 s.h. |
| 031:126 Behavioral Neuroscience |
3 s.h. |
| 031:129 Neurobiology of Learning and Memory |
3 s.h. |
| 031:173 Substance Use and Misuse in America |
3 s.h. |
Radiation Biology
Speech Pathology and Audiology
| 003:116 Basic Neuroscience for Speech and Hearing |
3 s.h. |
| 003:140 Manual Communication |
1 s.h. |
Bachelor of Science in Athletic Training Athletic trainers work with physically active individuals, including athletes, to help prevent injuries, offer advice about appropriate equipment, recognize and evaluate injuries, administer emergency treatment, and determine need for specialized medical care. Athletic trainers also work as part of health care teams involved in rehabilitation after injuries sustained in sports or physical activity. The Bachelor of Science in athletic training requires 57-58 s.h. in the major. The program provides concentrated studies and clinical experiences leading to national certification in athletic training. Employment opportunities for graduates include work as health care professionals for sports medicine clinics and hospitals. Additional education usually is required for employment with professional teams as well as for university, college, and secondary school athletic teams. Teacher certification is recommended but not required. Students who have not formally contacted the athletic training program director before enrolling at The University of Iowa should talk to an athletic training advisor or their academic advisor upon entering the University. Early advising for course selection is vital since prerequisite courses and sequenced skill development must be completed along with general education course work. Students should begin taking prerequisites for required major courses during their first year and should complete their final prerequisites after admission to the athletic training major. For current information on rules, procedures, and curriculum, contact the athletic training program director. PREREQUISITE FOR APPLICATION
| 027:096 Exploring Athletic Training |
1 s.h. |
PREREQUISITES FOR COURSE WORK IN THE MAJOR Prerequisites total 37-39 s.h., as follows: One of these:
| 002:002 Introductory Animal Biology |
4 s.h. |
| 002:010 Principles of Biology I |
4 s.h. |
One of these sequences:
One of these:
All of these:
| 07P:075 Educational Psychology and Measurement |
3 s.h. |
| 027:057 Basic Athletic Training |
3 s.h. |
| 028:032 First Aid and CPR (or community certifications) |
2 s.h. |
| 028:075 Health in Everyday Life (pathology is recommended substitute) |
3 s.h. |
| 031:001 Elementary Psychology |
3 s.h. |
REQUIRED COURSE WORK IN THE MAJOR Students complete 57-58 s.h., as follows. One of these:
| 027:140 Exercise Physiology for Practitioners |
3 s.h. |
One of these:
| 071:120 Drugs: Their Nature, Action, and Use |
2 s.h. |
| 071:130 Drug Mechanisms and Actions |
3 s.h. |
All of these:
| 07C:199 Counseling for Related Professions |
3 s.h. |
| 027:090 Scientific Basis of Human Movement |
3 s.h. |
| 027:143 Physiology of Nutrition (or equivalent) |
3 s.h. |
| 027:171 Administration of Athletic Training Programs |
2 s.h. |
| 027:180 Advanced Emergency Care for Athletic Trainers |
2 s.h. |
| 027:186 Practicum in Athletic Training III |
6 s.h. |
| 027:253 Advanced Human Anatomy |
6 s.h. |
| 076:187 Practicum in Athletic Training IV |
8 s.h. |
College of Liberal Arts and Sciences students may be admitted to the athletic training major and begin clinical experience as sophomores. Applicants to the program must meet the following requirements: at least 11 s.h. of graded college credit, including 027:096 with a grade of C or higher; course work taken pass/fail cannot be counted; and a g.p.a. of at least 2.50 on all undergraduate course work. Preference is given to applicants with high scholastic standing, strong writing skills, and varied athletic training and health care experience. A personal interview may be required; the athletic training program contacts applicants invited for interviews. Fulfillment of admission requirements does not ensure admission to the athletic training major. The program selects candidates who appear to be best qualified for the study and practice of athletic training. Students denied admission to the major may reapply in a subsequent fall semester. All students admitted to the major in athletic training are required to comply with entrance and periodic health screening history and immunization, which is coordinated through the program's medical director. Four-Year Graduation Plan The following checkpoints list the minimum requirements students must complete by certain semesters in order to stay on the University's Four-Year Graduation Plan. (Courses in the major are those required to complete the major; they may be offered by departments other than the major department.) Note: Students must be admitted to the integrative physiology or athletic training majors on schedule in order to complete a four-year graduation plan. B.S. in Integrative Physiology Before the third semester begins: calculus, one other course in the major, and at least one-quarter of the semester hours required for graduation Before the fifth semester begins: at least five more courses in the major and at least one-half of the semester hours required for graduation Before the seventh semester begins: at least six more courses in the major and at least three-quarters of the semester hours required for graduation Before the eighth semester begins: at least two more courses in the major During the eighth semester: enrollment in all remaining course work in the major, all remaining General Education courses, and a sufficient number of semester hours to graduate B.S. in Athletic Training Before the third semester begins: three courses in the major and at least one-quarter of the semester hours required for graduation Before the fifth semester begins: six courses in the major and at least one-half of the semester hours required for graduation Before the seventh semester begins: nine courses in the major and at least three-quarters of the semester hours required for graduation Before the eighth semester: 12 courses in the major During the eighth semester: enrollment in all remaining course work in the major, all remaining General Education courses, and a sufficient number of semester hours to graduate Honors
Qualified students may earn a degree with honors in integrative physiology.
Students must be members of the University of Iowa Honors
Program and must maintain a cumulative University of Iowa g.p.a. of
at least 3.33. They must complete the honors research course sequence, 027:198-027:199
Honors Research I-II, and produce a written thesis that is deposited with
the University of Iowa Honors Program. Honors candidates must make an oral
presentation of the research and written thesis they completed in 027:198-027:199,
and the research and thesis must be judged to be of honors quality in order
for the candidate to graduate with honors.
Minor The minor in integrative physiology requires 15 s.h. earned in Department of Integrative Physiology courses with a g.p.a. of 2.00 or higher; 12 of the 15 s.h. must be earned in courses numbered above 100. All 15 s.h. must be earned at The University of Iowa; transfer courses are not accepted. Courses for the minor may not be taken pass/nonpass. Students must choose courses from the following list.
| 027:117 Human Growth and Motor Development |
3 s.h. |
| 027:140 Exercise Physiology for Practitioners |
3 s.h. |
| *027:142 Exercise Physiology Lab |
2 s.h. |
| 027:143 Physiology of Nutrition |
3 s.h. |
| 027:145 Cardiovascular Physiology |
3 s.h. |
| 027:150 Gross Anatomy for Integrative Physiology |
3 s.h. |
| *027:151 Gross Anatomy Lab for Integrative Physiology |
2 s.h. |
| 027:153 Embryology and Connective Tissue Anatomy |
2 s.h. |
| 027:155 Skeletal Muscle Biology |
3 s.h. |
*Bachelor of Science students in integrative physiology have priority for enrollment in laboratory courses 027:142, 027:151, and 027:197. Enrollment in these courses requires special permission. College-level courses in mathematics, chemistry, and biological sciences usually are required as prerequisite work for integrative physiology courses. Students seeking a minor in integrative physiology should be sufficiently prepared in the supporting sciences before they take advanced courses in the department. There is no minor in athletic training. Graduate Programs The Department of Integrative Physiology offers a Master of Science in exercise science, with or without thesis, and a Doctor of Philosophy in integrative physiology. Master of Science with Thesis The Master of Science with thesis requires a minimum of 30 s.h. of graduate credit. It is a research-oriented program designed primarily as a first step in graduate study leading to the Doctor of Philosophy. It introduces students to the nature and quality of research in integrative physiology and gives them an opportunity to specialize in an area of interest. The M.S. with thesis offers five specialization areas: anatomy, athletic training, biomechanics, exercise and integrative physiology, and motor control. Because the M.S. with thesis is regarded as the first step toward the Ph.D., the required undergraduate background course work depends on the area in which the candidate intends to specialize for doctoral study. Specific undergraduate courses in mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology, physiology, or psychology are required as prerequisites to some areas of specialization. These courses must be approved by the M.S. advisor and the professor in charge of the student's chosen specialization area. The M.S. with thesis requires the following course work (total of 30 s.h.). COURSES OUTSIDE THE SPECIALIZATION AREA Two of these:
| 027:141-027:142 Exercise Physiology/Exercise Physiology Laboratory (not for students specializing in physiology) |
5 s.h. |
| 027:153 Embryology and Connective Tissue Anatomy |
2 s.h. |
| 027:155 Skeletal Muscle Biology (not for students specializing in motor control) |
3 s.h. |
| 027:160 Motor Control I: Neurophysiological Basis (not for students specializing in motor control) |
3 s.h. |
| 027:197 Biomechanics of Human Motion (not for students specializing in biomechanics) |
4 s.h. |
| 027:253 Advanced Human Anatomy (not for students specializing in anatomy or athletic training) |
6 s.h. |
CORE COURSE REQUIREMENT One of these:
| 22S:102 Introduction to Statistical Methods |
3 s.h. |
SPECIALIZATION AREA COURSES
| Specialization courses approved by advisor |
5-7 s.h. |
Master of Science Without Thesis The Master of Science without thesis requires a minimum of 30 s.h. of graduate credit, with a g.p.a. of at least 3.00. It is a terminal degree, intended for athletic training students. The program provides advanced study in clinical education and research for certified athletic trainers. It emphasizes development of a base of research and education, and application of that base to the knowledge and skills of the entry-level athletic trainer. Its focus is on a health care team approach to sports medicine, medical care management, wellness, pediatric/adolescent health, and special health populations. The following undergraduate course work (total of 30 s.h.) is required background for the M.S. nonthesis program in athletic training. Students must have a g.p.a. of 3.00 in the required background course work. Anatomy
Human anatomy: at least 3 s.h.
Human physiology: 3 s.h. Athletic training core
Prevention: 3 s.h.
Evaluation and recognition: 3 s.h.
Modalities and rehabilitation: 3 s.h.
Administration: 2 s.h. Integrative physiology core
Neural control: 3 s.h.
Exercise physiology: 3 s.h.
Biomechanics or kinesiology: 3 s.h. Electives in related areas: 3-4 s.h. Current emergency certifications
NATA certification For the M.S. without thesis, students must complete 20 of the required 30 s.h. in integrative physiology. The degree requires the following course work. INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY Three of these:
| 027:145 Cardiovascular Physiology |
3 s.h. |
| 027:150 Gross Anatomy for Integrative Physiology |
3 s.h. |
| 027:153 Embryology and Connective Tissue Anatomy |
2 s.h. |
| 027:155 Skeletal Muscle Biology |
3 s.h. |
| 027:160 Motor Control I: Neurophysiological Basis |
3 s.h. |
| 027:197 Biomechanics of Human Motion |
4 s.h. |
| 027:253 Advanced Human Anatomy |
6 s.h. |
CLINICAL RESEARCH TOOLS
| An approved tools or special interest area course |
2-4 s.h. |
ATHLETIC TRAINING
| 027:184 Seminar in Athletic Training (taken twice) |
4 s.h. |
| 027:202 Practicum in College Teaching |
3 s.h. |
One of these:
| 07P:205 Design of Instruction |
3 s.h. |
| 069:133 Introduction to Human Pathology |
3 s.h. |
| 173:140 Epidemiology I: Principles |
3 s.h. |
ELECTIVES Maximum of 4 s.h. Doctor of Philosophy The Doctor of Philosophy in integrative physiology requires a minimum of 72 s.h. of graduate credit. Ph.D. students should have a strong background in the natural sciences, a working knowledge of statistics and research methodology, and a specific interest in at least one area of specialization in the department. Students can acquire additional knowledge of statistics and research methodology after entering the program. The Ph.D. program offers four specialization areas: anatomy, biomechanics, integrative physiology, and motor control. All Ph.D. students must complete a dissertation in their specialization area and must submit an appropriate manuscript of the dissertation to a refereed professional journal for publication. Many of the courses in the specialization areas are offered by departments other than integrative physiology. Faculty members from these departments frequently serve on comprehensive examination committees and on dissertation committees for the initial presentation of a candidate's prospectus. They also participate in the final oral examination. The Ph.D. requires the following course work. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS At least 72 s.h. of graduate credit beyond the B.A. or B.S. At least 10 s.h. of independent research, exclusive of the thesis requirement CORE COURSE REQUIREMENTS
| Two approved courses in statistics |
6 s.h. |
| 027:201 Research (10 s.h. minimum) |
10 s.h. |
| 027:202 Practicum in College Teaching (2 s.h. minimum) |
2 s.h. |
| 650:270 Responsible Conduct in Research |
1 s.h. |
SCIENTIFIC AREA COURSES In order to ensure that integrative physiology Ph.D. students obtain a breadth of knowledge over the key scientific areas that constitute the basis of the major, each student must complete at least one course in each specialization area. This requirement may be met by transfer credit if approved by the student's advisor. The areas of specialization are anatomy, biomechanics, integrative physiology, and motor control. Specializations Candidates are expected to obtain a broad knowledge base within their area of specialization. This normally entails approximately 30 s.h. of course work. The following courses are recommended choices for each area of specialization. ANATOMY
| 002:128 Fundamental Genetics |
4 s.h. |
| 027:153 Embryology and Connective Tissue Anatomy |
2 s.h. |
| 027:155 Skeletal Muscle Biology |
3 s.h. |
| 027:253 Advanced Human Anatomy |
6 s.h. |
| 060:205 General Histology for Graduate Students or equivalent |
4 s.h. |
| 060:234 Medical Neuroscience |
4 s.h. |
| 099:120 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I |
3 s.h. |
| 099:130 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II |
3 s.h. |
| 101:295 Applied Electromyography |
3 s.h. |
| 142:220 Mechanisms of Cellular Organization |
3 s.h. |
| 142:225 Mechanisms of Cell Growth and Development |
3 s.h. |
One of these:
| 003:219 Fundamentals of Laboratory Instrumentation |
3 s.h. |
| 101:212 Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurement |
4 s.h. |
BIOMECHANICS
| 027:253 Advanced Human Anatomy |
6 s.h. |
| 057:019 Mechanics of Deformable Bodies |
3 s.h. |
| 101:212 Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurement |
4 s.h. |
| 101:295 Applied Electromyography |
3 s.h. |
| 171:162 Design and Analysis of Biomedical Studies |
3 s.h. |
INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
| 002:128 Fundamental Genetics |
4 s.h. |
| 027:142 Exercise Physiology Laboratory |
2 s.h. |
| 027:145 Cardiovascular Physiology |
3 s.h. |
| 027:241 Integrative Physiology Seminar |
1 s.h. |
| 027:253 Advanced Human Anatomy |
6 s.h. |
| 060:204 Survival Skills for a Research Career |
1 s.h. |
| 060:205 General Histology for Graduate Students |
4 s.h. |
| 071:130 Drug Mechanisms and Actions |
3 s.h. |
| 077:222 Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine |
4 s.h. |
| 099:120 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I |
3 s.h. |
| 099:130 Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II |
3 s.h. |
| 099:140 Experimental Biochemistry |
4 s.h. |
MOTOR CONTROL
| 027:155 Skeletal Muscle Biology |
3 s.h. |
| 027:197 Biomechanics of Human Motion |
4 s.h. |
| 027:253 Advanced Human Anatomy |
6 s.h. |
| 027:314 Seminar in Motor Control |
1 s.h. |
| 051:150 Musculoskeletal Biomechanics |
3 s.h. |
| 057:019 Mechanics of Deformable Bodies |
3 s.h. |
| 060:234 Medical Neuroscience |
4 s.h. |
| 101:212 Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurement |
4 s.h. |
| 101:275 Analysis of Sensori-Motor Systems in Health and Disease |
3 s.h. |
| 101:285 Biomechanical Analysis in Rehabilitation |
3 s.h. |
| 101:295 Applied Electromyography |
3 s.h. |
Courses chosen from the following areas: computer science, neuroscience, anatomy, exercise physiology, psychology Admission Admission to the graduate programs in integrative physiology is based on grade-point average and score on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) General Test. Applicants to the M.S. programs must have an undergraduate g.p.a. of at least 3.00. Applicants to the Ph.D. program must have a g.p.a. of at least 3.00 on both undergraduate and previous graduate work. Applicants must meet the admission requirements of the Graduate College; see the Manual of Rules and Regulations of the Graduate College or the Graduate College section of the Catalog. Deadlines for admission applications are October 15, March 15, and May 15; notification is made approximately two months after the respective application deadline. Facilities Classroom and research laboratories for anatomy, biomechanics, exercise physiology, and motor control are located in the Field House and in other buildings on campus. They provide excellent facilities for instruction and research at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Cooperative efforts with other departments facilitate specialization by allowing integrative physiology students to use additional special facilities and research equipment in other departments on campus (e.g., biology, biochemistry, molecular physiology and biophysics, orthopaedic surgery, internal medicine, pharmacology, and the College of Engineering).
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